Q: Elaborate the citation of Champak Dorairajan vs the State of Madras ?

Ans: In the case of Champak Dorairajan vs the State of Madras, the Supreme Court ruled that DPSP cannot override the provisions of Part III of the Constitution, which includes Fundamental Rights. DPSP must operate subsidiary to Fundamental Rights and should not contradict them. This judgment was crucial, and in response, the Parliament amended various fundamental rights conflicting with DPSP.

Moving on to the case of the Kerala Education Bill, the Supreme Court introduced the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction. This doctrine emphasises that constitutional provisions should be interpreted to allow Fundamental Rights and DPSP to work harmoniously, avoiding conflicts between them. 


The court held that if there is no inherent conflict, both should be given effect. However, if a conflict arises due to the interpretation of a particular law, the court should strive to harmonise both as much as possible.

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